从句是英语学习中常见,且重要的语法知识,那么我们较开始学的就是定语从句了,定语从句也是我们要从初中学到大学乃至以上的语法知识,可见其重要性,所以基础要打好。初中生学的定语从句是简单的语法知识,那么本文,伊顿教育小编为大家整理初中英语关于【定语从句】的语法知识。家长们打印下来,帮助孩子随时学习!
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定语从句起了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用,二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系词 | 先行词 | 从句成分 | 例句 | 备注 | |
关系代词 | who | 人 | 主语 | Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? | whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that |
whom | 人 | 宾语 |
Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.. |
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whose | 人,物 | 定语 |
I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. |
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that | 人,物 | 主语,宾语 |
A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. |
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which | 物 | 主语,宾语 |
The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. |
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as | 人,物 | 主语,宾语 |
He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. |
as做宾语一般不省略 | |
关系副词 | when | 时间 | 时间状语 | I will never forget the day when we met there. | 可用on which |
where | 地点 | 地点状语 | This is the house where I was born. | 可用in which | |
why | 原因 | 原因状语 | I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. | 可用for which |
情况 | 用法说明 | 例句 |
只用that的情况 |
1. 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。 2. 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时 3. 先行词有形容词较高级和序数词修饰时 4. 先行词既指人又指物时 5. 先行词被the only, the very修饰时 6. 句中已经有who或which时,为了避免重复时 |
1.He told me everything that he knows. 2.All the books that you offered has been given out. 3.This is the best film that I have ever read. 4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. 5.He is the only man that I want to see. 6.Who is the man that is making a speech? |
只用which, who, whom的情况 |
1. 在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which指代物,用who/whom指人 2. 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物,whom指人。 3. 先行词本身是that时,关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。 |
He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. Those who respect others are usually respected by others. |
定语从句 | 区别 | 例句 |
限制性定语从句中 | 名词前有such和the same修饰时,关系代词用as,不能用which |
He is not such a fool as he looks. Don’t read such books as you can’t understand. |
非限制性定语从句中 | as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如,象”的含义,并可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面,那么用as;而which引导的从句只能放主句后,并无“正如”的意思。 |
They won the game, as we had expected. They won the game, which we hadn’t expected. As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s. |
类别 | 语法意义及特征 | 例句 |
限制性定语从句 | 对先行词起修饰限制作用,如果去掉,主句意思就不完整明确,这种从句与主句的关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开。 | The accident happened at the time when I left. |
非限制性定语从句 | 对先行词作附加的说明,与主句的关系不十分密切,较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开,相当于一个插入语,不能用that引导,关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。 | His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago. |
>>>伊顿教育|秦学在线初一英语辅导班
秦学在线初一英语辅导班课程说明
初一主要针对9月即将入学初中的学员以及对初一基础薄弱的学员,尤其在初一入学有考试分班需求的学员。课程采用1对1的小班课,本次活动主要针对语、数、英三门主课。学员课根据自己的学习状况可报多个科目。上课采用网络真人直播的形式进行,免去家长接送孩子的问题,还可以随时随地用手机观测孩子的学习状况,另外秦学在线也可为学生提供全科的在线1对1补差、进步的化课程,5A级教育、所学课程无限次回访。
秦学在线课程简介:
本课程针对初中一年级需要同步复习学校课程,对知识点进行清晰梳理,能够完全掌握学校的考试知识点,并且进行一部分词汇,语法,阅读的提升
秦学在线适合学员:
1.初一学员
2.成绩不稳定,基础不扎实的学员
教材版本:人教版
教学目标:
1.对初一知识初步学习,并达到灵活应用层次。
2.在培养学生学习英语兴趣的同时也培养学生听,说,读,写的能力。
课程大纲
第一讲: 问候语, 26个英文字母正确读法,名词的分类
第二讲: 人称代词,be 动词,冠词
第三讲: “名”“话”有“主”
第四讲: “系”说“指”“冠”
第五讲: 特殊疑问句,方位介词
第六讲: “谓”“主”何“求”
第七讲: “时”“疑”释义 (一般现在时)
第八讲: “形”中有数
第九讲: 时序荏苒
第十讲:温故知新+结课测试